《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(2): 233-240

采前套袋微环境变化对桃果实品质的影响

张斌斌^1,2, 马瑞娟^1,2,*, 蔡志翔^1,2, 张春华^1,2, 颜志梅^1,2

¹江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所, 南京210014; ²江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室, 南京210014

通信作者：马瑞娟；E-mail: rjmajaas@aliyun.com；Tel: 025-84390220

摘　要：

为明确套袋微环境变化对桃果实品质的影响机制, 筛选适合晚熟桃套袋的无纺布果袋, 以晚熟桃品种‘夕空’为材料, 以不套袋为对照, 研究了采前白、黑、蓝、紫色无纺布袋内微环境(温度和湿度)的日变化特征及其对果实品质的影响。结果表明: 温度与湿度日变化曲线呈相反的趋势。白天不同处理的温度变化呈先升高后降低的趋势, 峰值出现在中午12:00之后; 湿度变化则呈“V”型。套袋微环境中的平均温度和湿度均较对照升高。采前不同处理袋内微环境变化存在差异, 对桃果实品质形成的影响各异。套袋果实的亮度值(L)均较对照显著提高, 而果皮中花色素苷(Ant)含量显著降低, 可溶性固形物含量(SSC)、带皮果实硬度和去皮果实硬度均与对照差异不显著。套黑色无纺布袋并在采前拆袋的果实红色饱和度(a)、色饱和度(C)、a/b比值(b为黄色饱和度)和果皮中Ant含量较对照显著降低, 采前拆袋并未显著改善‘夕空’桃的外观品质。紫色无纺布套袋处理的果实a值和a/b比值、果皮中Ant含量、果肉中总糖含量及糖酸比都较低。白色与蓝色无纺布套袋处理的果实相比较, 单果重、果皮中Ant含量、C值、果肉中总糖含量及糖酸比差异不显著, 但具有较高的a值和a/b比值。研究结果表明, 在长江中下游地区, 白色无纺布果袋对晚熟桃套袋较为适合。

关键词：桃; 套袋; 聚丙烯无纺布; 微环境; 果实品质

收稿：2014-10-27   修定：2015-02-02

资助：现代农业(桃)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-31)。

Effects of Preharvest Micro-Environment Inside Baggs on Peach Fruit Quality

ZHANG Bin-Bin^1,2, MA Rui-Juan^1,2,*, CAI Zhi-Xiang^1,2, ZHANG Chun-Hua^1,2, YAN Zhi-Mei^1,2

¹Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; ²Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China

Corresponding author: MA Rui-Juan; E-mail: rjmajaas@aliyun.com; Tel: 025-84390220

Abstract:

This study explored the effects of preharvest bagging on fruit quality of peach (Prunus persica) in order to select suitable polypropylene nonwoven fruit bag for late-ripening peach. We researched the micro-environment inside (temperature and humidity) of peach cultivar ‘Xikong’ with different bagging treatments, i.e. white, black, blue and purple polypropylene nonwoven bags, and the relationship between micro-environment inside and fruit quality was analyzed, while the non-bagged fruit was used as control. The results showed that diurnal variation trends between temperature and humidity were contrary. The temperature trends of all the different treatments increased at first and then decreased in daytime, which had peak values after 12:00. However, “V” types were observed on humidity. Both average temperature and humidity in bags were higher than the control during the experiment. Micro-environment varied in different treatments, having important effects on quality formation of peach. In details, the skin brightness (L) of bagged fruits was higher than the control but anthocyanin (Ant) content in the peel was contrary. Meanwhile, soluble solid content (SSC), as well as fruit firmness with and without skin had no obvious differences with the control. The external quality of black polypropylene nonwoven bagging treatment was not significantly developed after preharvest bag removal because red saturation scale (a), chroma (C), a/b (b is yellow saturation scale) value and Ant content in the peel were significantly lower than the control. No higher a value, a/b value, Ant content in the peel, total soluble sugar content and sugar/acid ratio in the flesh were observed on purple polypropylene nonwoven bagging treatment. Compared to fruits in blue polypropylene nonwoven bags, the fruits in white polypropylene nonwoven bags had no significantly higher fruit weight, Ant content in the peel, C value, total soluble sugar content and sugar/acid ratio in the flesh, but had higher a and a/b value. From the results, we can conclude that white polypropylene nonwoven bags are suitable for late-ripening peach in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Key words: peach; bagging; polypropylene nonwoven; micro-environment; fruit quality